Xanthium sibirici is a Chinese herb that has been shown to lessen the inflammatory cytokines TNF, Interferon gamma (as well as nitric oxide). PMID:16133999 (cache).

These laboratory results are consistent with its traditional uses: rheumatic complaints (which are associated with TNF and other cytokines), sinus conditions, and aches and pains associated with wind-damp-cold conditions. (holistic-online Xanthium page (cache))

One study suggested that Xanthium worked by blocking NF-Kappa, which may make it less useful against H5N1, which stimulates the MAPK p38 pathway

Caution is indicated as too large a dose can have side effects or potential toxicity. This is an herb that should be taken only under the supervision of a qualified herbalist, naturopath, or M.D. who is familiar with it.

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